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Physics of nonequilibrium open systems

ОК16

Обов’язкова дисципліна для ОП

Second

2022/2023

2 Semester

3

To use conceptual and specialized knowledge and understanding of current problems and achievements of selected areas of modern theoretical and experimental physics and/or astronomy to solve complex problems and practical problems. To conduct experimental and theoretical research in physics and astronomy, analyze the results in the context of existing theories, draw reasoned conclusions (including estimation of the degree of uncertainty), and make suggestions for further research. To carry out a phenomenological and theoretical description of the studied physical and/or astronomical phenomena, objects, and processes. Choose effective mathematical methods and information technologies and apply them to research and innovation in physics. Evaluate the novelty and reliability of scientific results in the chosen field of physics.

Full-time form

To know the basic concepts of the courses "Mathematical Analysis", "Analytical Geometry and Linear Algebra", "Tensor and Vector Calculus", "Differential Equations", "Mathematical Physics", "TFCV", "Classical Mechanics", "Thermodynamics", "Statistical Physics and thermodynamics". To be able to consistently formulate the basic principles and laws of molecular physics and thermodynamics; apply the basic laws of conservation of mechanical quantities; be fluent in the concepts and methods of basic mathematical disciplines and apply them to solve physical problems. To have basic skills of search and analysis of information, elaboration of specialized literature, construction of algebraic and differential equations, their solution, and analysis of the solution from a physical point of view.

Introduction. Subject and method of the course. Relationship of nonequilibrium thermodynamics with other branches of physics. Irreversible thermodynamic processes. Causes of irreversibility. Principles of linear nonequilibrium thermodynamics. The principle of local equilibrium. Onsager equation of motion of a macrosystem. Prigogine's theorem. Steady-state stability. The formalism of nonlinear thermodynamics. Dissipative structures in essentially nonequilibrium systems. Spatial, temporal, and Spatio-temporal dissipative structures. Development of the theory of nonlinear thermodynamics. Bifurcation theory. Violation of symmetry. Synergetics. Fractal theory. Turbulence. Vortex structures. Superfluidity, superconductivity.

1. S.R. de Groot, P. Mazur. Non-equilibrium thermodynamics. M .: Mir, 1964. 2. I. Prigogine. Introduction to the thermodynamics of irreversible processes. I .: SIC "Regular and Chaotic Dynamics", 2001. 3. E.P. Ageev. Non-equilibrium thermodynamics in questions and problems. 4. V.J. Sugakov. Fundamentals of synergetics. K .: Oberegi, 2001. 5. G. Nikolis, I. Prigogine. Self-organization in nonequilibrium systems.

Lectures, individual work.

Colloquium, individual work, final test.

Ukrainian